how to increase the microstrategy iserver capacity in. If your password was changed from the default of mstr123 update the parameter in your WEB-INF/microstrategy. how to increase the microstrategy iserver capacity in

 
If your password was changed from the default of mstr123 update the parameter in your WEB-INF/microstrategyhow to increase the microstrategy iserver capacity in  Make sure that SSL is already configured and note down the REST port number used, as shown in the screenshot below

KB440719. MicroStrategy Web submits a get folder ID command to Intelligence Server to verify if Intelligence Server is still alive. For more information regarding the MicroStrategy products or the process of customizing MicroStrategy products, please refer to MicroStrategy Developer Zone (MicroStrategy projects on each Intelligence Server can be configured to log usage statistics to the staging tables. The setting described below (ServerName) is NOT ONLY for the '&SERVERNAME' macro used in the history list URL. From the Folder List, expand Administration, then expand System Monitors, then expand Caches, and select Intelligent Cubes. Only the database names listed in DBAdminConfig. You can use the MicroStrategy Configuration Wizard to upgrade your statistics repository. MicroStrategy Web, statistics can be used to troubleshoot issues with hanging or slow performance of certain MicroStrategy objects, such as reports or prompts. In the Navigation pane, click Environments. xml should do. xml > isAliveRequestTimeoutMillis. Enable the statistics logging for the project. 1 and aboveNote: Starting in MicroStrategy 11. However, before changing the way MicroStrategy Web products look or behave, it is helpful to understand how the application is built. The MicroStrategy SDK allows you to customize the standard MicroStrategy Web interface, and extend >and integrate the MicroStrategy business intelligence functionality into other applications. It is noticed that the Intelligence server hosted machine can't ping each other by machine name. Run the MicroStrategy Configuration Wizard: cd /opt/mstr/Microstrategy/bin. Establish server and request timeout settings, as follows: Specify the length of time (in seconds) that a Web request should wait for a connection from the connection pool, if the maximum number of connections are all busy. Retail is leveling up with omnichannel analytics. com) to the hosts file of the Library server machine to manually resolve the iserver name. instancename is the name of a server instance, where required. The MicroStrategy Intelligence Server Universal on Linux operating systems can only be registered as a service by a user running with a root or privileged account. There might be extreme cases when customer move the pgdata folder to a NAS drive and create a soft link, and then experience abnormal scenarios such as Platform Analytics Consumer is taking hours to startup or data intermittent not submitted into the Platform Analytics Warehouse access. MicroStrategy Web must be connecting to the MicroStrategy Intelligence Server via the name configured in the certificate. Connect. If administrators attempt starting MicroStrategy Intelligence Server from Administrative Tools > Services, they. Login to Postman and search for MicroStrategy in the homepage search bar. Introduction Integrated Authentication to the MicroStrategy Intelligence Server utilizes the Kerberos authentication protocol to provide a Single Sign-On capability for MicroStrategy users connecting from Web or Developer from a Microsoft Active Directory environment. log will depend on the Log Path specified during installation. in my company we are using Microstrategy 10. Then from there, you can create the . Turn On the Sending Log to Messaging Services Feature. It turns data into reports for making and executing key organization decisions. The following topics describe sizing guidelines to consider when you initially set up MicroStrategy. However, before changing the way MicroStrategy Web products look or behave, it is helpful to understand how the application is built. 2 environment to 11. Select data population for Intelligent Cubes. Edit the web. Remember to replace all child object permissions. Seeing this issue after the upgrade to latest mstr software launched in Jan 2022. This section describes the errors you may encounter when using the Modeling service and how to troubleshoot them. renderer. The Servers page opens. In the Action column in the Unconnected servers list, click Connect for the Intelligence Server to connect to. Rename the file 'status-iserver. Include the port, which is 9092 by default separated from the Fully Qualified Domain Name by a colon. xml file: <memory> <logging_time>DATE_AND_TIME</logging_time> A connection pool is a collection of TCP connections maintained in the Web server's memory. The book starts by detailing the different. Open MicroStrategy for Office in Excel for the web or the Excel desktop application. Memory Contract Manager (MCM) is designed to protect Intelligence Server in cases where a memory request would cause the system to approach a state of memory depletion. You can use. For more details, see KB442160. The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brain of a computer and performs many of its main tasks. Configure Metadata Connection. In the MicroStrategy Library Configuration box, enter. Every time that a user does something in MicroStrategy, like. Enterprise Manager consists of a MicroStrategy project, the Enterprise Manager server (service), and an interface in MicroStrategy Command Manager where administrators can control how the server. MicroStrategy Web can be accessed from a third-party web browser, which means there are no additional storage requirements. ACTION: Open IIS on the MicroStrategy Web, Mobile, or Web Services 9. jks. Dynamic Sourcing can be enabled by going to Project Configuration ->Intelligent Cubes ->General ->Enable Dynamic Sourcing. If your password was changed from the default of mstr123 update the parameter in your WEB-INF/microstrategy. Using absolute (fully qualified) URLs will work but require administrative maintenance to edit and correct URLs whenever MicroStrategy Web server names, MicroStrategy Intelligence Server names, or ports change (this can happen during migration from development to production). As a new platform release, MicroStrategy 2020 introduces new features that provide better performance and scalability to enhance the overall user experience. The Web Administrator page opens. To retrieve a list of services on a machine, use the command mstrctl -m machinename ls. Diagnostic logs will be sent to the Messaging Services Server after you perform the following: Enable MicroStrategy Messaging Services. x on Linux as a service makes changes to the scripts required to be run at the system startup. Optionally, you can change the location or name of the Keystore file clientKey. It also explains the setting in the Web Admin page Allow automatic login if session is lost. When Intelligence Server is installed, the last step is to choose a user identity under which the service will run. This example checks the preference WebPreferenceDpiConversion. When launching the MicroStrategy Service Manager, notice the Intelligence Server is already in a stopped status. From the pane on the left, select Servers. Description The . The governing setting 'Maximum Report Execution Time' can be defined at the Project Configuration level in MicroStrategy, as shown below: Although there is no direct equivalent to this setting at the report level, there is an alternative that should suit many scenarios. In the Server drop-down list, select the name of the machine on which the service is installed. Using the Memory Contract Manager. The following best practices can help ensure that users get the most accurate results from a performance test: Performance comparison tests should be run as single-project integrity tests. There are various applications of MicroStrategy. 4. backtrace. If only a single MicroStrategy Intelligence. iserver_version The current I-Server version. Select Configure Intelligence Server, and click Next. reportName. What is load balancing? Load balancing, as it applies to MicroStrategy Intelligence Server, is a strategy aimed at achieving even distribution of MicroStrategy Web or Web. 0. Once the MicroStrategy users are linked to a Windows user account, follow the steps below to setup Windows Authentication for a MicroStrategy Web, Mobile, or Web Services 9. The DNS needs to recognize the entry as a machine and be able to resolve its. Speed is typically measured as user wait time or. Select a dataset. When installing MicroStrategy Intelligence Server Universal in Unix environment, user needs to specify the path for Home, Install and Log directory as below: As default, the Install and Log folders are under Home folder. Click the icon in the Actions column and select Start, Stop, or Restart. Frame Description Access, filter, publish, and extract data from MicroStrategy in-memory cubes. Tables v9. KB6446: How to increase the heap size of the Java Virtual Machine to handle large result data objects with MicroStrategy Web 9. Iserver is on windows server, web server is apache tomcat. This online guide covers the installation and configuration of various MicroStrategy components, such as Workstation, Library, REST Server, and Collaboration Server. This command is used to terminate a process. exe. For example, when creating an initial session on WS1 using Standard authentication, a MicroStrategy session was created on Intelligence Server node 2 (I-SERVER_2). All files under the conf folder are overwritten when you upgrade MicroStrategy. Request a demo. Login using Usher or the login/password provided in the email. However, before changing the way MicroStrategy products look or behave, it is helpful to understand how the application is built. mstr file can be opened in MicroStrategy Desktop and MicroStrategy Workstation. Note: The utility is not available on MicroStrategy 9. ) ,. Connect to the Developer Instance. This is because registering MicroStrategy Intelligence Server Universal 9. Restart MicroStrategy Web and Mobile Server. Go to Font Download and ensure it is set to Enabled. 1. Click Dependencies tab, the above 3 dependencies are listed. sp. Request timeout to check if the Intelligence Server is alive. This will generate a new certificate and key pair and start the Intelligence Server. Browse to the filter you want to convert and click Open. "rlim_fd_cur" specifies the “soft” limit on file descriptors that a single process can have open. Choose the Statistic Database instance from 'Statistics' tab in Project Configuration. In 2019 Update 2, it takes eight minutes to load the same three projects from the same metadata. 0+, you have the ability to see how long it takes each visualization to execute, what query is being sent to the DataWarehouse, or what request is being done to an In-Memory intelligent cube. browser cache etc is all cleared even tried with re-installing library server. ) One (or more) of the above fail to start. This action starts MicroStrategy Intelligence Server on 'M1. war file to upgrade MicroStrategy Library. Specifying Warehouse Connection Information. The memory used by Intelligence Server is limited by the machine's virtual memory. Setting this to a higher number may improve performance under high job concurrency, but it increases the amount of time caches that exist in memory only (i. Microstrategy Intelligence Server status information is stored in the file system under a file called 'status-iserver. Cube index generation will increase cube size. This action starts MicroStrategy Intelligence Server on 'M1. A breakdown of memory usage is logged when: The Intelligence server enters MCM denial state for the first time. MicroStrategy Web: Web Server. Select the "exportMaxCellsPlainText" setting and modify the "Maximum" value under "Other. Change the owner of the files to be the new non-root user account (and non root user group. This is working as designed. Click on More Items > Contact Us. /mstrweb restart” command. All basic statistics. ProjectSource. The user must review the contents of any shell scripts that have been modified post installation that are used by MicroStrategy Intelligence Server Universal. xA user has set up MicroStrategy Web 9. Performance degradation occurs because the MicroStrategyWhen a cluster of MicroStrategy Intelligence Servers connects to MicroStrategy Web, the following behavior can be observed in the MicroStrategy Web Administrator page: All MicroStrategy Intelligence Servers in the cluster will be added as a single unit, as shown with the example above. Login information such as the user name, login ID, password, and password expiration date. Platform Analytics repository size may be observed increase rapidly with advanced statistics enabled. In the left pane, click All Settings. Deploying a GCP instance. Increasing the 'Maximum RAM for Working Set cache' setting will increase the possible limit amount of RAM that can be used by the Microstrategy Intelligence Server. User session and project session analysis. On the MicroStrategy Web server machine, access the IIS Internet Service Manager. If no project sources are defined, then the Configuration Wizard opens. To log to your screen, select. This technical note will explain six methods for determining which server definition is currently being used:Click on Access MicroStrategy Platform to open MicroStrategy Web. The following is a standalone Java example to check the different preferences level for a given user's session. The "status-iserver. The default value is 256 megabytes. There are two types of TCP connections: busy and idle. Connection borrowing occurs when MicroStrategy Intelligence Server executes a Job on a lower priority connection because no connections with an equivalent priority is available for the Job at execution time. This only works for a document or dossier instance. From the Windows Start menu go to All Programs > MicroStrategy Tools > Web Administrator. Supported data structure and distribution on Gateway. - pull data out of it. When creating the trust relationship through MIcroStrategy Office, the token for WS1 will be written into the common metadata for both Intelligence Server nodes. When the request is received, MicroStrategy Web application uses this value to redirect the request to the target associated with this event. They are part of the MicroStrategy REST Server, which is shipped inside the. provider). x and 11. You should periodically reevaluate the system and update it based on. In the email template, you can find the following details regarding your add-in: Platform. Helps you to manipulate the database in a single package. x - 10. When enabled, MCM grants or denies requests for memory from tasks in Intelligence Server. This allows resources to be shared across the network. xml'. Upload FilesOr drop files MicroStrategy Intelligence Server is the architectural foundation of the MicroStrategy platform. x; KB38769: MicroStrategy Certificate Server GetCertificatList call returns an empty page on the browser for MicroStrategy Mobile Server 9. Efficiently manages thousands of end-user requests (jobs. You can use a linear or exponential extrapolation to plot how increase in user load will drive resource consumption. Perform a single project test against one project. command is one of the commands from the list below. This is also tuning for issues revolving around errors with Garbage Collection overhead limits and in some cases HTTP 500 errors. You can connect to this server by clicking Connect. xml" file but changing the value between the <state> and </state> tags to read "Stopped" 2. 11. Computation is separate from storage, which enables you to scale computation resources independently of the data storage in your system. KB20300: After removing the Tahoma font in MicroStrategy Web 10. x. Right mouse click on the project source of the Intelligence Server you wish to remove the trust relationship from. xml" must either be edited, renamed, or deleted. Administrators can export the project settings in this tab to a . Embedded is the power play — this is where the magic happens. For more information about Enterprise Manager, see the Enterprise Manager Guide. The book starts by detailing the different. This section describes the errors you may encounter when using the Modeling service and how to troubleshoot them. Server-level settings At the server level, only a few settings from each category need a server restart. Multiple "mstrexec-iserver" process instances are seen in MicroStrategy Intelligence Server 9. Once you have finished choosing your options, click Create Environment and wait for. To install the MicroStrategy Library components, select the following features when prompted. Published: May 2, 2018; Last updated: Jul 17, 2023; Related versions: 10. x and 10. For steps to use the Configuration Wizard to upgrade your statistics repository and other. x using the MicroStrategy Configuration Wizard 9. Click Connect. Step 3. In the Platform Analytics Configuration section, check the box. Select Configure Intelligence Server, and click Next. trusted. mstrexec-iserver: WARNING: maximum number of open files 256 is low; please increase to 1000 or greater. We’ve introduced an all-new Advanced Properties panel for the Cube Editor in Workstation. MicroStrategy Web can be accessed from a third-party web browser, which means there are no additional storage requirements. 2. This chapter addresses the processes necessary to configure an installed MicroStrategy suite of products using the Configuration Wizard. In MicroStrategy 11. It is sometimes necessary for administrators to back up the MicroStrategy Web 9. What is the reason for the. x and 10. How to use Guacamole to copy and paste text or files in MicroStrategy on AWS; All new Download site is now available! How to increase the Java Heap size in Tomcat Application Server; KB222220: Images are not displayed in Excel documents that are delivered through Distribution Services in MicroStrategy 9. How to Perform Capacity Planning to Fine-tune your BI Project for Sub-Second Response Times MicroStrategy's flexible, scalable architecture allows organizations to deliver high performance and fast response times at scale. KB201630: How to change the Row Limit of a report that uses an Intelligent Cube. Select the database instance. Go to Start > All Programs > Apache Tomcat x. Click the Add button. By default, it is C:Program Files. 10. x, text in documents still default to that font. The crash collection server analyzes the incoming crashes and notifies MicroStrategy technical support and production teams for the incidents. STEPS TO CONFIGURE: Get the path of images folder on the intelligence server machine. Doing so avoids issues where a busy database can't scale up to a capacity with enough memory for the features that are turned on in your cluster and the database workload. KB201630: How to change the Row Limit of a report that uses an Intelligent Cube. Enable the statistics logging for the project. Select one: To create a new security filter, click New. Enter the User Name and Password for the database. Easily add or change pre- and post- SQL statements. Change the UseUTC value to 1, as shown below: Restart the MicroStrategy Logging Client and MicroStrategy Logging Server services from Control Panel > Services for the changes to take effect. The crash collection server analyzes the incoming crashes and notifies MicroStrategy technical support and production teams for the incidents. x in an interactive mode in Windows and UNIX. The maximum value is 99 and the minimum value is 1. Tables v10. Create Response fileMicroStrategy Internal case number: 379474 -----Installation instructions-----This patch should be applied on top of MicroStrategy 9. If no project sources are defined, then the Configuration Wizard opens. 10 xxxxxxxxxx. To set up MicroStrategy Intelligence Server. To be able to connect to the Directory Server however, MicroStrategy Intelligence Server 9. In the event of a code change in future builds, MicroStrategy may not be able to provide additional code on this matter even though this customization is provided. 8. The cache. Here you can also check the connector URL. This feature. Failover, as it applies to MicroStrategy Intelligence Server, is a strategy by which user sessions and history list jobs are automatically transferred from a failed MicroStrategy Intelligence Server cluster node to another backup node. SYMPTOM: The MicroStrategy Web statistics can be used to profile the performance of the execution of a Report Services Document. x ODBC calls by default. Cube Extract a MicroStrategy cube into a R Data. e. Type in the URL box the MicroStrategy Mobile Admin page URL with the fully qualified domain name (FQDN),. The. '. First, the user must log in as the “mstr” user. Once you have finished choosing your options, click Create Environment and wait for your environment to provision. How to Start and Stop Intelligence Server Services. Governance of CPU clock speed when installing MicroStrategy Intelligence Server, MicroStrategy Web and MicroStrategy Narrowcast Server. in your system. The Service Options dialog box opens. The MicroStrategy Listener will monitor the Windows NT Application Event Log for new log entries and uses the log entry of Category 12 from the 'MSTRServer' Source as an indication that MicroStrategy Intelligence Server has been started. Make sure that SSL is already configured and note down the REST port number used, as shown in the screenshot below. The MicroStrategy Repository Administration tool’s backup operation is based on the database information in DBAdminConfig. Choose Add Data > New Data. Run Command Prompt as an administrator and enter the following command: netsh add urlacl url=or port/api user=domainusername. Define the values for the following project governing options: Maximum RAM usage (MBytes): Defines the data size, in megabytes, to limit the amount of Intelligent Cube data that can be stored in Intelligence Server memory for a project at one time. Within this directory, the user will need to execute the “. Turn On the Sending Log to Messaging Services Feature. 4001 - runReport Executes the report specified by either the reportID or reportName argument. Do not change the files under the conf folder. <None>. There are three options that are available: 1. trusted. Together, they are often referred to as the JSON Data API. The Java Virtual Machine has a heap that is shared among all Java Virtual Machine threads. Upload FilesOr drop files. New Export Engine in MicroStrategy 2019 can deliver a high-quality PDF files with complete data, diversified widgets and various fonts, compared with the Legacy Engine in 10. However, before changing the way MicroStrategy Web products look or behave, it is helpful to understand how the application is built. Scale is important because it determines how many people can submit requests or reports to an analytics platform, how many reports can be supplied by the system, and. Define the values for the following project governing options: Maximum RAM usage (MBytes): Defines the data size, in megabytes, to limit the amount of Intelligent Cube data that can be stored in Intelligence Server memory for a project at one time. The Intelligence Server generates various indexes that allow it to speed up performance for the various reports that would use the cube. Run the MicroStrategy installer by clicking the setup. MicroStrategy ONE empowers companies worldwide to. In addition, this release introduces new features across the analytics, mobility, and security platform - making it easier for users to build applications. Load balancing directs new Web connections to the least loaded node, as measured by user connections. g. The default one is Interactive. /mstrcfgwiz. g. The following are the methods that support connecting to and disconnecting from a MicroStrategy Intelligence Server: MOIOffice. On MicroStrategy 10. mstr file is actually a . Server definitions can be listed, created, and set for use with a MicroStrategy Intelligence Server 9. You can build real-time or near-real-time MicroStrategy applications based on it. filename is the name of the file to read from or write to. Once logged in, the user must navigate to the /etc/init. Downloading and installing MicroStrategy. Number of Views 79. In MicroStrategy Developer, log in to a project source with administrative privileges. The user then updates the cube. This technique is useful till 80%. After upgrading from MicroStrategy 2019 Update 1 to MicroStrategy 2019 Update 2, it takes much longer to start the Intelligence Server. Configuring MicroStrategy and getting started. Once the server definition has been changed, MicroStrategy Intelligence Server will start back up using the new server definition. If a name is not specified, the command uses the default instance name. 67. /mstrcmdmgr -interactive and press ENTER to open Command Manager. Select Configure Intelligence Server, and click Next. The -h option is needed to change the owner on symbolic links as well. SYMPTOM. By default: -Windows: C:WindowsSystem32driversetchostsThis chapter addresses the processes necessary to configure an installed MicroStrategy suite of products using the Configuration Wizard. GetProjects. 1. In the Service drop-down list, select MicroStrategy Intelligence Server. Enter the User Name and Password for the database. 9Performance is a combination of speed and scale. Preparation before taking Platform Analytics Repository dump: a. properties file. Two different options exist for methods to deal with environments that have different supporting database servers. sys-defaults. Make sure all Intelligence Server nodes are running during the life-time of Library Server. Login to Postman and search for MicroStrategy in the homepage search bar. MicroStrategy Library. Change the UseUTC value to 1, as shown below: Restart the MicroStrategy Logging Client and MicroStrategy Logging Server services from Control Panel > Services for the changes to take effect. 4. x and 11. ACTION: This tech note explains: File Relationships. Specify subset of cube to be Crash data is automatically uploaded to microstrategy. Project. In the MicroStrategy 2021 release, Parameterized Query is enabled by default for all newly created database connections against a list of MicroStrategy certified Diamond Gateways. The Intelligence Server is added to the Connected Servers list. Then it presents this data to the administrators, developers, and analysts to help them optimize the performance of. Continue to the steps provided in To select a configuration task. Increase the size of Maximum RAM for Working Set cache to a higher value. As shown in the screenshot above, only one cube cache can be loaded in RAM. To specify a database instance, in the Intelligence Server Configuration Editor, select the General subcategory of the Server Definition category, and, in the Database Instance drop-down list, select the database instance to use for the History List. So MicroStrategy Intelligence Server has to be re-started for this setting change to take effect. If False (default), this feature will be disabled. Step 5. If a name is not specified, the command uses the default instance name. If a name is not specified,. Using the command manager script file created in Step1, create a batch file that can be used to restart the MicroStrategy Intelligence Server. x, users should see the Intelligence Server automatically rejoin a cluster upon restart. KB235107: How to Embed a Custom Font Without Having to Install it on the Client Machines using MicroStrategy Web SDK 9. x. Significantly improves user-perceived query performance. When a machine runs out of virtual memory, processes on the machine are no longer able. Navigate to the System Definitions folder under Web Configuration Settings. KB441987. For steps to use the Configuration Wizard to upgrade your statistics repository and other MicroStrategy components, see the Upgrade Guide. Each segment executing in the MicroStrategy Narrowcast Server establishes one session or connection to the MicroStrategy Intelligence Server. When the job monitor depicts the status as 'executing,' the executing status can apply to the execution of the job within any Processing Unit (PU). …Go to Administration > Projects > Project Configuration. Apache Kafka is an open-source distributed event streaming platform used by thousands of companies for high-performance data pipelines, streaming analytics and data integration. MicroStrategy recommends the following best practices for network design: Place the web server machines close to the intelligence server machines. Platform Analytics is the new monitoring tool in MicroStrategy 11. From the Windows Start menu go to All Programs > MicroStrategy Tools > Web Administrator. KB440719. The MicroStrategy SDK allows you to customize the standard MicroStrategy Web interface, and extend and integrate the MicroStrategy business intelligence functionality into other applications. Depending on the resources available and the version installed, please set the Maximum working set RAM to a number between the following list:. x Administration page although the Intelligence Servers are set to automatically connect. The MicroStrategy Listener will also check to see that MicroStrategy Intelligence Server is running as a. MicroStrategy Intelligence Server is the architectural foundation of the MicroStrategy platform. What's New in MicroStrategy 2020. To start the Intelligence Server in interactive mode, see KB16877: How to start MicroStrategy Intelligence Server 9. Steps. In a UNIX console window, browse to the "bin" folder under <HOME_PATH> where the MicroStrategy is installed. x: Statistics logging option. Verify that the token file physically exists on the machine running MicroStrategy Web Services and that the token file is named according to the Intelligence Server machine name (I-SERVER_MACHINE_NAME. Depending on the version installed (as a best practice no higher than the 25% of the available RAM in the server), the Maximum working set RAM values to are is on the following list:Before MicroStrategy 9. instancename is the name of a server instance, where required. In this knowledge-based article, we will review the next steps that you can take to obtain the log files and find the locations you will need. To modify the status of an Intelligent Cube, right-click the Intelligent Cube in the Intelligent Cube Monitor, and select one of the actions listed below: Action. 50s. On the other hand, some other configuration files stay as part of the configuration process and are useful to run the applications. Server Activation registers each Server Installation with MicroStrategy and locks the installation to a specific machine. From the DSN drop-down list, select the DSN used to connect to the metadata repository. It's being used even in the biggest financial, telecom and manufacturing organizations. Related articles from the Community: Knowledge Base: How to Increase JVM Heap Size in IISA temporary file or folder is the location or files temporary generated by all the applications running on the machine. The MicroStrategy Intelligence Server was unable to swap out the report instances of 40MB in the Working Set. x and 11. When enabled, MCM grants or denies requests for memory from tasks in Intelligence Server. Action. Queries can have a significant increase in the fetch time when there are tables containing VARCHAR without specifying a size in Snowflake.